One eight-year-old looks at the equation 2 + 27 - 27 and quickly sees a shortcut to solving it; his friend laboriously adds the first two numbers then subtracts the third.
Older children are presented with the equation 2 x 27 ÷ 27 and the same thing happens. One child quickly sees a shortcut; the other chooses to do it step-by-step.
These individual differences are fascinating to Dr. Katherine Robinson, a psychologist at Campion College, who focuses her research on the development of children's...